After the 1989 revolution, the National Salvation Front (NSF), led by Ion Iliescu, took partial multi-party democratic and free market measures. [187] Stalin's deputy instructed the King to make the Communists' candidate, Petru Groza, the prime minister in March 1945. [426] Ciorbă includes a wide range of sour soups, while mititei, mămăligă (similar to polenta), and sarmale are featured commonly in main courses. parole . The capital city of Romania is Bucharest. The capital of Romania, the sixth largest city in the EU , has become an important travel destination as a result of the business boom between Russia , Asia and Europe . [236]:17 It lies between latitudes 43° and 49° N and longitudes 20° and 30° E. The terrain is distributed roughly equally between mountains, hills, and plains. The judiciary functions independently of the other two branches of the government. The market for professional football in Romania is roughly €740 million according to UEFA. [331] More than 1.9 million foreign tourists visited Romania in 2014, 12% more than in 2013. [190][191], During the Soviet occupation of Romania, the Communist-dominated government called for new elections in 1946, which they fraudulently won, with a fabricated 70% majority of the vote. [355][358][359] The life expectancy in 2015 was estimated at 74.92 years (71.46 years male, 78.59 years female). [346] In January 2011, Parliament passed a law that enforces "strict quality control on universities and introduces tough rules for funding evaluation and peer review". [84] Scholars who reject the Daco-Roman continuity theory say that the first Vlach groups left their Balkan homeland for the mountain pastures of the eastern and southern Carpathians in the 11th century, establishing the Romanians' presence in the lands to the north of the Lower Danube. en 1861 – City becomes capital of Romania. [364] The Romanian alphabet contains the same 26 letters of the standard Latin alphabet, as well as five additional ones (namely ă,â,î,ț, and ș), totaling 31. Evidence of settlements in the area that is now Bucharest dates back to the Neolithic Period. [119], Princes Dimitrie Cantemir of Moldavia and Constantin Brâncoveanu of Wallachia concluded alliances with the Habsburg Monarchy and Russia against the Ottomans, but they were dethroned in 1711 and 1714, respectively. [3] Bucharest is the capital and the largest city in Romania, with a population of over 1.8 million in 2011. The capital of Romania is a real jewel to discover as a family. What is the Capital of Romania? According to historical accounts, the city started as a fortress built by Vlad III, the prince of Wallachia to keep away the Turkish forces from his kingdom. [62][63] The nomadic Avars defeated the Gepids and established a powerful empire around 570. [471] In women's handball, powerhouse CSM București lifted the EHF Champions League trophy in 2016. [81][82] Significant Pecheneg groups fled to the Byzantine Empire in the 1040s; the Oghuz Turks followed them, and the nomadic Cumans became the dominant power of the steppes in the 1060s. [361] After the Romanian Revolution of 1989, a significant number of Romanians emigrated to other European countries, North America or Australia. The Victoria Palace in the city houses the Prime Minister and the rest of the cabinet. [25] After the abolition of serfdom in 1746, the word rumân gradually fell out of use and the spelling stabilised to the form român. Noted athletes in the history of Romanian sports (clockwise from top left): Early Modern Times and national awakening. [285] According to the World Bank, Romania is a high-income economy. Following the war, under the occupation of the Red Army's forces, Romania became a socialist republic and a member of the Warsaw Pact. [239], The Danube river forms a large part of the border with Serbia and Bulgaria, and flows into the Black Sea, forming the Danube Delta, which is the second-largest and best-preserved delta in Europe, and a biosphere reserve and a biodiversity World Heritage Site. The climate in Bucharest has been described as humid continental climate. [100] A local dynasty ruled the Despotate of Dobruja in the second half of the 14th century, but the Ottoman Empire took possession of the territory after 1388. [399], The topic of the origin of Romanian culture began to be discussed by the end of the 18th century among the Transylvanian School scholars. How to say capital of Romania in English? [132], Mihail Kogălniceanu, Nicolae Bălcescu and other leaders of the 1848 revolutions in Moldavia and Wallachia demanded the emancipation of the peasants and the union of the two principalities, but Russian and Ottoman troops crushed their revolt. Example sentences with "capital of Romania", translation memory. [305] The World Bank estimates the railway network at 22,298 kilometres (13,855 mi) of track, the fourth-largest railroad network in Europe. Artizanat traditional romanesc. Definition of capital of romania in the Definitions.net dictionary. [430] Țuică is a strong plum brandy reaching a 70% alcohol content which is the country's traditional alcoholic beverage, taking as much as 75% of the national crop (Romania is one of the largest plum producers in the world). What feminists can learn from the eastern experience", "Romania's brains rank first in Europe, 10th in the world after Math Olympiad", "Romanian students win four medals, two gold, at the European Girls Mathematical Olympiad", "Romanian students win 32 medals at SEEMOUS International Mathematical Olympiad", "Ritli: Ministry of Health budget for 2012 can provide the assistance at least at the level of previous year", "Our patients vs. theirs: How many hospitals has Romania compared to other EU countries", "Personalul medico-sanitar pe categorii, forme de proprietate, sexe, macroregiuni, regiuni de dezvoltare și județe", ""De profesie: medic în România". [145] Ethnic Romanian politicians sharply opposed the Hungarian government's attempts to transform Hungary into a national state, especially the laws prescribing the obligatory teaching of Hungarian. [264] In May 2009, Hillary Clinton, US Secretary of State, declared that "Romania is one of the most trustworthy and respectable partners of the USA. [459] Other important Romanian football clubs are Rapid București,[460] UTA Arad,[461] Universitatea Craiova,[462] Petrolul Ploiești,[463] CFR Cluj,[464] Astra Giurgiu,[465] and Viitorul Constanța. Bucharest is based on the banks of the Dâmbovița River in the Romanian Plain’s southeastern corner. [261] Romania also declared its public support for Turkey, and Croatia joining the European Union. [323] The popular summer attractions of Mamaia and other Black Sea Resorts attracted 1.3 million tourists in 2009. Of these, 650,000 were in kindergarten (three-six years), 3.11 million in primary and secondary level, and 650,000 in tertiary level (universities). Bucharest is the capital of Romania. The Ottomans lost control of the city at the beginning of the 19th century. Each county is administered by a county council, responsible for local affairs, as well as a prefect responsible for the administration of national affairs at the county level. [427], Pork, chicken, and beef are the preferred types of meat, but lamb and fish are also quite popular. Cum încearcă ministrul Nicolăescu să-i țină pe doctori în țară", "Brancusi's 'Bird in Space' Sets World Auction Record for Sculpture at $27,456,000", "November 9, The price record for a Brancusi masterpiece was set up in 2005 when "Bird in Space" was sold for USD 27.5 M", "Sounds Like Canada feat. Independence proclaimed on 9 May 1877, internationally recognised in 1878. In November 2014, Sibiu (German: Hermannstadt) former FDGR/DFDR mayor Klaus Iohannis was elected president, unexpectedly defeating former Prime Minister Victor Ponta, who had been previously leading in the opinion polls. The annual George Enescu Festival is held in Bucharest in honour of the 20th-century composer. The northern parts of the city have a series of lakes. [414] At the Berlin International Film Festival, Child's Pose by Călin Peter Netzer won the Golden Bear in 2013. [202], In 1965, Nicolae Ceaușescu came to power and started to conduct the country's foreign policy more independently from the Soviet Union. Against the background of this programme, the parent institutions of the nine largest foreign-owned banks incorporated in Romania subscribed to a coordinated commitment to maintain their overall exposure to Romania and to provide additional capital as necessary. [217] During 2017–2018, in response to measures which were perceived to weaken the fight against corruption, some of the biggest protests since 1989 took place in Romania, with over 500,000 people protesting across the country. [34] The first permanent settlements also appeared in the Neolithic. [121][122] The Phanariot princes pursued oppressive fiscal policies and dissolved the army. Moreover, 39,660 people have no religion or are atheist, whilst the religion of the rest is unknown. Concordanza . sl Iași je bil od nekdaj kulturna prestolnica Romunije in kot tak simbol romunske zgodovine. [218][219], Nevertheless, there have been efforts to tackle corruption. [36][37] The Cucuteni–Trypillia culture—the best known archaeological culture of Old Europe—flourished in Muntenia, southeastern Transylvania and northeastern Moldavia in the 3rd millennium BC. 1. national capital and largest city of Romania in southeastern Romania Familiarity information: CAPITAL OF ROMANIA used as a noun is very rare. The Most Famous Attractions. [369] According to the 2012 Eurobarometer, English is spoken by 31% of Romanians, French is spoken by 17%, as well as Italian and German, each by 7%. [17] According to Eurostat, Romania's GDP per capita (PPS) was 70% of the EU average (100%) in 2019, an increase from 44% in 2007 (the year of Romania's accession to the EU), making Romania one of the fastest growing economies in the EU. [362] For example, in 1990, 96,919 Romanians permanently settled abroad. [348] In early 2012, Romania launched its first satellite from the Centre Spatial Guyanais in French Guyana. Romania's main exports are: cars, software, clothing and textiles, industrial machinery, electrical and electronic equipment, metallurgic products, raw materials, military equipment, pharmaceuticals, fine chemicals, and agricultural products (fruits, vegetables, and flowers). In the club competition Romanian teams have won the EHF Champions League a total of three times, Steaua București won in 1968 as well as 1977 and Dinamo București won in 1965. [468] In singles, Ilie Năstase was the first year-end World Number 1 in the ATP Rankings in 1973, winning several Grand Slam titles. It has been a member of the United Nations since 1955, part of NATO since 2004, and part of the European Union since 2007. Romania is the largest country in Southeastern Europe and the twelfth-largest in Europe, having an area of 238,397 square kilometres (92,046 sq mi). km, Romania is the 12 th largest country in Europe. The elevation of the city varies from 183.1 feet to 300.2 feet. [373] Romania has the world's third-largest Eastern Orthodox population.[374][375]. [220], After the end of the Cold War, Romania developed closer ties with Western Europe and the United States, eventually joining NATO in 2004, and hosting the 2008 summit in Bucharest. In February 1947, he and others forced King Michael I to abdicate and leave the country and proclaimed Romania a people's republic. Other minorities include Ukrainians, Germans, Turks, Lipovans, Aromanians, Tatars, and Serbs. The prefect is appointed by the central government but cannot be a member of any political party. World champions include Lucian Bute, Leonard Dorin Doroftei, Adrian Diaconu, and Michael Loewe. Romania terminated its mission in Iraq and withdrew its last troops on 24 July 2009, among the last countries to do so. Brâncuși has a sculptural ensemble in Târgu Jiu, while his sculpture Bird in Space, was auctioned in 2005 for $27.5 million. [363], The official language is Romanian, a Romance language (the most widely spoken of the Eastern Romance branch), which presents a consistent degree of similarity to Aromanian, Megleno-Romanian, and Istro-Romanian, but shares many features equally with the rest of the Western Romance languages, specifically Italian, French, Spanish, Portuguese, and Catalan. [341][342] The country joined the European Space Agency (ESA) in 2011,[343] and CERN in 2016. [112][113] The neighboring powers forced him to abdicate in September, but he became a symbol of the unification of the Romanian lands in the 19th century. [35] Some of them developed into "proto-cities",[35] which were larger than 320 hectares (800 acres). [57], Place names that are of Slavic origin abound in Romania, indicating that a significant Slavic-speaking population used to live in the territory. [161] Calypso Botez established the National Council of Romanian Women to promote feminist ideas. From the remaining population, 195,569 people belong to other Christian denominations or have another religion, which includes 64,337 Muslims (mostly of Turkish and Tatar ethnicity) and 3,519 Jewish (Jews once constituted 4% of the Romanian population—728,115 persons in the 1930 census). [167][168] The democratic parties were squeezed between conflicts with the fascist and anti-Semitic Iron Guard and the authoritarian tendencies of King Carol II. [19] The first known use of the appellation was attested to in the 16th century by Italian humanists travelling in Transylvania, Moldavia, and Wallachia.[20][21][22][23]. Since 2012, compulsory schooling starts at age 6 with the "preparatory school year" (clasa pregătitoare)[386] and is compulsory until tenth grade. The country houses a population of nearly 20 million inhabitants. [404][405] Romanian-born Holocaust survivor Elie Wiesel received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1986, while Banat Swabian writer Herta Müller received the 2009 Nobel Prize in Literature. [353] In 1930, there were 745,421 Germans living in Romania,[354] but only about 36,000 remained in the country to this day. tutto esatto qualsiasi . It shares land borders with Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, and Moldova to the east and has its opening to the Black Sea. mostra. [370], Romania is a secular state and has no state religion. [71][72] The Gesta also listed many peoples—Slavs, Bulgarians, Vlachs, Khazars, and Székelys—inhabiting the same regions. [154] The General Congress of Bukovina proclaimed the union of the province with Romania on 28 November 1918, and the Grand National Assembly proclaimed the union of Transylvania, Banat, Crișana and Maramureș with the kingdom on 1 December. The NUTS-1 (four macroregions) and NUTS-2[282] (eight development regions) divisions exist but have no administrative capacity and are used instead for coordinating regional development projects and statistical purposes. He eventually initiated a policy of total reimbursement of the foreign debt by imposing austerity steps that impoverished the population and exhausted the economy. ", "Romania's powerful mayors tumble in corruption crackdown", Romania PM Ponta resigns over Bucharest nightclub fire, "Huge Romania rally despite decree repeal", "Thousands of Romanians rally against ruling party's judicial overhaul", "NATO update: NATO welcomes seven new members", Human Development Report 2009 – Country Fact Sheets – Romania, "Romanian Politics in 2012: Intra-Cabinet Coexistence and Political Instability", "Romania's Infrastructure and International Transport Links", Romania, world's 53rd country in quality of life index – Denisa Morariu, Sistemul de invatamant distrus de lipsa reformelor – Cluj, D+C 2010/03 – Focus – Roos: In Romania and Bulgaria, civil-society organisations are demanding rule of law – Development and Cooperation – International Journal, "Human Development Report 2016 – "Human Development for Everyone, "Report: Romanian diaspora, fifth largest in the world", "An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm", "Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity - Supplementary Material", "EarthTrends: Biodiversity and Protected Areas – Romania", "Bears. Sper să nu prind ziua când ne vor bate iar, "Ne-a părăsit Ştefan Sameş, fostul mare fundaş al Stelei", "L'Equipe: Nicolae Dobrin, cel mai valoros jucător român din istorie. As Romania's foreign debt increased sharply between 1977 and 1981 (from US$3 billion to $10 billion),[206] the influence of international financial organisations—such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank—grew, gradually conflicting with Ceaușescu's autocratic rule. Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan", "Permafrost Monitoring and Prediction in Southern Carpathians, Romania", "Meteo Romania | Site-ul Administratiei Nationale de Meteorologie", "Se schimbă sistemul de vot. [388], Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iași, Babeș-Bolyai University of Cluj-Napoca, University of Bucharest, and West University of Timișoara have been included in the QS World University Rankings' top 800. Bucharest is the capital of Romania. Two spelling forms: român and rumân were used interchangeably[a] until sociolinguistic developments in the late 17th century led to semantic differentiation of the two forms: rumân came to mean "bondsman", while român retained the original ethnolinguistic meaning. [315], There were almost 18.3 million connections to the Internet in June 2014. Bucharest is often referred to as Little Paris and it’s true … [201] A 2006 Commission estimated the number of direct victims of the Communist repression at two million people. [335] Victor Babeș discovered more than 50 types of bacteria;[336] biologist Nicolae Paulescu discovered insulin,[337] while Emil Palade received the Nobel Prize for his contributions to cell biology. [284] Metropolitan areas have been constituted for most of these cities. [186] Romania switched sides during the war, and nearly 250,000 Romanian troops joined the Red Army's military campaign against Hungary and Germany, but Joseph Stalin regarded the country as an occupied territory within the Soviet sphere of influence. [135] Bishop Andrei Șaguna proposed the unification of the Romanians of the Habsburg Monarchy in a separate duchy, but the central government refused to change the internal borders. [46] Emperor Trajan transformed Banat, Oltenia and the greater part of Transylvania into the new Roman province of Dacia, but Dacian, Germanic and Sarmatian tribes continued to dominate the lands along the Roman frontiers. You can easily improve your search by specifying the number of letters in the answer. The 1984 Summer Olympics was their most successful run, where they won 53 medals in total, 20 of them gold, ultimately placing 2nd to the hosts United States in the medal rankings. Many other lakes and gardens dot the city. [329][330], In 2014, Romania had 32,500 companies active in the hotel and restaurant industry, with a total turnover of €2.6 billion. [133][134] The Wallachian revolutionists were the first to adopt the blue, yellow and red tricolour as the national flag. So that makes this city so easy to travel with young children in tow. International airlines from various European countries have direct flights to Bucharest several times a day. [292], Industrial output growth reached 6.5% year-on-year in February 2013, the highest in the Europe. The largest ethnic minorities are the Hungarians, 6.1% of the population, and the Roma, 3.0% of the population. [156][157] Peace treaties with Austria, Bulgaria and Hungary delineated the new borders in 1919 and 1920, but the Soviet Union did not acknowledge the loss of Bessarabia. [86][87] The Székelys—a community of free warriors—settled in central Transylvania around 1100 and moved to the easternmost regions around 1200. [250] In summer, average maximum temperatures in Bucharest rise to 28 °C (82 °F), and temperatures over 35 °C (95 °F) are fairly common in the lower-lying areas of the country. Transylvania is a historical region that is located in central Romania. [357] [118] The organization of the Transylvanian Military Frontier caused further disturbances, especially among the Székelys in 1764. The number of Romanians and individuals with ancestors born in Romania living abroad is estimated at around 12 million. [280] Each county is subdivided further into cities and communes, which have their own mayor and local council. Bucharest is the capital of Romania. Source: Radu C. Dumitru 4/2015 37 – 44Romanian Oil Industry Decline", "Romania Expects to be Energy Independent Despite Ukraine Crisis", "Contractul pentru unitatile 3 si 4 de la centrala nucleara Cernavoda se va parafa in mai. [479] The Romanian competitors have won gold medals in other Olympic sports: athletics, canoeing, wrestling, shooting, fencing, swimming, weightlifting, boxing, and judo.[480]. [349] Starting in December 2014, Romania became a co-owner of the International Space Station. [189] In February 1947, the Paris Peace Treaties confirmed the return of Northern Transylvania to Romania, but they also legalised the presence of units of the Red Army in the country. Notable Romanian classical composers of the 19th and 20th centuries include: Ciprian Porumbescu, Anton Pann, Eduard Caudella, Mihail Jora, Dinu Lipatti and especially George Enescu. The municipality of Bucharest is a special case, as it enjoys a status on par to that of a county. [275][276] Its combat mission in the country concluded in 2014. BUCHAREST Bucharest, in southern Romania, is the country's capital and commercial center. The city continued to serve as the capital of Romania even after the fall of the Communist regime and the establishment of the democratic republic of Romania. Some scholars regard it as a basically accurate account, others describe it as a literary work filled with invented details. Chinezii v-or avea 51% din actiuni – Nicolae Moga (PSD) – Energie – HotNews.ro", "Numărul conexiunilor la internet a crescut cu 22,8%. [199] Until the early 1960s, the government severely curtailed political liberties and vigorously suppressed any dissent with the help of the Securitate—the Romanian secret police. [80] The first king of Hungary, Stephen I, who supported Western European missionaries, defeated the local chieftains and established Roman Catholic bishoprics (office of a bishop) in Transylvania and Banat in the early 11th century. Example sentences with "capital of Romania", translation memory. [182] After the German occupation of Hungary in March 1944, about 132,000 Jews – mainly Hungarian-speaking – were deported to extermination camps from Northern Transylvania with the Hungarian authorities' support. Arta populara", "Winter holidays and Christmas traditions in Romania: the Bear dance, the Masked carolers and the Goat", "ROMANIA – Traditions and Folklore – Official Travel and Tourism Information", "Ministrul Agriculturii: UE accepta ca mieii de Pasti si porcii de Craciun sa fie sacrificati in mod traditional – Actualitate", "Martisor, a Spring celebration for Eastern Europeans", "Christina Bradatan, Cuisine and Cultural Identity in Balkans", "Romanian Recipes – like mom used to make", "28 Romanian Foods The Whole World Should Know – oneJive", "Retete traditionale Moldova: retete peste sau cu carne de porc", "Bucatarie romaneasca – Cultura si retete – Articole", "Țuica production consumed 75% of Romanian plums in 2003", "Football's impact in the Romanian economy reaches EUR 740 million annually, FRF estimates show", "The FIFA/Coca-Cola World Ranking – Associations – Romania – Men's", "Gheorghe Hagi: the Maradona of the Carpathians", "Nicolae Dobrin: Romania's true greatest ever player", "European Footballer of the Year ("Ballon d'Or") 1970", "Video Un Rio Formidabil: Mircea Lucescu, atacant dreapta în echipa de vis", "Former Romania captain Costica Stefanescu dies aged 62", "Concluzia dura a unei legende de la Steaua: Totul e un dezastru! What are synonyms for capital of Romania? [165][166] With oil production of 5.8 million tons in 1930, Romania ranked sixth in the world. Bucharest is also the industrial, commercial, and transportation hub of Romania. The women's team won the world championship in 1962 and have enjoyed more success than their male counterparts in recent years. [372] Its canonical jurisdiction covers the territories of Romania and Moldova. [164], Agriculture remained the principal sector of economy, but several branches of industry—especially the production of coal, oil, metals, synthetic rubber, explosives and cosmetics—developed during the interwar period. The Annals of Roger de Hoveden: Comprising the History of England and of by Roger, Roger of Hoveden, Henry Thomas Riley (1853) "The capital of Romania … Many beautiful structures were built in Bucharest during this kingdom’s rule. Tatoeba-2020.08. The metropolitan area of Bucharest has an estimated population of 2.27 million people. [339], During the 1990s and 2000s, the development of research was hampered by several factors, including: corruption, low funding, and a considerable brain drain. [18] Following rapid economic growth in the early 2000s, Romania has an economy based predominantly on services and is a producer and net exporter of machines and electric energy, featuring companies like Automobile Dacia and OMV Petrom. [302] After joining the EU in 2007, Romania is expected to adopt the Euro in 2024. No visit to Bucharest is ever complete without visiting these famous attractions! [106] Transylvania and Maramureș, along with the rest of Banat and Crișana developed into a new state under Ottoman suzerainty, the Principality of Transylvania. [406], Prominent Romanian painters include: Nicolae Grigorescu, Ștefan Luchian, Ion Andreescu Nicolae Tonitza and Theodor Aman. [466], Tennis is the second most popular sport. – Interviu", "EXCLUSIV | "Angelo Niculescu mi-a zis că nu mă bagă pentru că sunt maghiar şi Partidul crede că vând meciul. sfn error: no target: CITEREFHitchins1991 (, Giurescu, "'Alegeri' după model sovietic", p.17 (citing Berry), 18 (citing Berry and note); Macuc, p.40; Tismăneanu, p.113. [214] In 2019, Iohannis was re-elected president in a landslide victory over former Prime Minister Viorica Dăncilă. The Romania national football team played its first match in 1922 and is one of only four national teams to have taken part in the first three FIFA World Cups, the other three being Brazil, France, and Belgium. [251] Precipitation is average, with over 750 mm (30 in) per year only on the highest western mountains, while around Bucharest it drops to approximately 570 mm (22 in). Team score in the country in 2002 270 ], Prominent Romanian painters:... 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